Ecuaciones locales altura-diámetro no lineales para cinco coníferas en el suroeste de Puebla, México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a12n3.4610Palabras clave:
agrupación por especie, coeficientes aleatorios, modelo de efectos mixtos, parámetros específicos por taxón, variables indicadorasResumen
La altura total (At) del árbol es una variable relevante para predecir otros atributos del árbol o del rodal como el volumen, biomasa o contenido de carbono. Sin embargo, a diferencia del diámetro normal (Dn), la medición de la altura total es difícil y costosa, por lo que para estimarla se recurren a ecuaciones At-Dn. El objetivo fue generar ecuaciones locales altura – diámetro para cinco especies de coníferas con importancia maderable al suroeste de Puebla, México. En una primera fase se evaluó la capacidad predictiva de nueve modelos biparamétricos no lineales, se utilizó una base de datos global integrada en el 2012 de las cinco especies. Mediante un sistema de evaluación cuantitativo y gráfico se identificó al modelo de Hossfeld I modificado como el de mejor capacidad predictiva porque exhibió un comportamiento biológicamente realista. En una segunda fase el modelo seleccionado se ajustó mediante tres estrategias de ajuste: (1) mínimos cuadrados ordinarios no lineales (MCO-NL) por especie, (2) MCO-NL con incorporación de variables indicadoras (VI) para la base global y, (3) modelos de efectos mixtos (MEM) para la base completa y usando la covariable especie como factor de agrupación. Los estadísticos R2adj y RCME fueron mejores en MCO-NL-VI y MEM que en MCO-NL, posteriormente se diagnosticó que MEM fue superior que MCO-NL-VI (AIC = 10 442.2, BIC = 10481.24 y logLik = -5 214.1). Se concluye que los valores de los efectos aleatorios del MEM son útiles para estimar la At con uso principal en inventarios forestales maderables.
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