Estrés por sequía en frijol: Uso de bioestimulantes para el rendimiento y sus componentes

Autores/as

  • Jesús del Rosario Ruelas-Islas Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa image/svg+xml
    • Celia Selene Romero-Felix Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa image/svg+xml
      • Salomón Buelna-Tarín Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa image/svg+xml
        • Fernando Alberto Valenzuela-Escoboza Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa image/svg+xml
          • Cándido Mendoza-Pérez Colegio de Postgraduados image/svg+xml
            • Antonio Villalobos-González Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias image/svg+xml

              DOI:

              https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a13n2.4662

              Palabras clave:

              Estrés hídrico, fenología, osmoprotectores, Phaseolus vulgaris L., rendimiento

              Resumen

              El frijol común es un cultivo sensible al déficit hídrico, especialmente durante su etapa reproductiva. Se evaluó el efecto de un bioestimulante foliar a base de glicina betaina y prolina sobre el rendimiento y sus componentes en frijol común Azufrado Reyna bajo condiciones de riego y sequía inducida en campo, en el Valle del Fuerte, Sinaloa, México. El experimento se estableció bajo un diseño de bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 2 x 2, considerando dos niveles de humedad (riego y sequía) y dos de aplicación de un bioestimulante (con y sin aplicación), se valuó el rendimiento y sus componentes y fenología de la planta. Los resultados mostraron que el estrés hídrico redujo significativamente el rendimiento de semilla, el número de vainas normales, número de semillas normales por vaina y por m2, el peso de cien semillas y el índice de cosecha, sin afectar la biomasa aérea. Además, la etapa de madurez fisiológica se acortó (22 días) en comparación con la sequía. La aplicación del bioestimulante no tuvo efecto significativo sobre las variables evaluadas ni en riego ni sequía. También se observaron correlaciones positivas y significativas entre el rendimiento de semilla y sus componentes, como el número de vainas, semillas por vaina y peso de cien semillas. Esto destaca la importancia de estos componentes en la determinación del rendimiento bajo condiciones contrastantes de humedad y sugieren la necesidad de optimizar el uso de bioestimulantes para mejorar la resiliencia del frijol ante el estrés hídrico.

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              Publicado

              2026-06-29

              Número

              Sección

              ARTÍCULOS CIENTÍFICOS

              Cómo citar

              Ruelas-Islas, J. del R., Romero-Felix, C. S., Buelna-Tarín, S., Valenzuela-Escoboza, F. A., Mendoza-Pérez, C., & Villalobos-González, A. (2026). Estrés por sequía en frijol: Uso de bioestimulantes para el rendimiento y sus componentes. Ecosistemas Y Recursos Agropecuarios, 13(2), e4662. https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a13n2.4662

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