Centropomus undecimalis: Desempeño del crecimiento, respuestas hematológicas y costo unitario de alimentación con sustitución graduada de harina de soya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a13n2.4981Palabras clave:
fisiología digestiva, morfometría de eritrocitos, proteína de origen vegetal, alimentación sostenible, viabilidad económicaResumen
Este estudio evaluó los efectos de sustituir harina de pescado (FM) por harina de soya (SM) en dietas para juveniles de robalo común (Centropomus undecimalis) durante 120 días. El presente estudio contribuye a la formulación de dietas acuícolas sostenibles, mediante la sustitución parcial de FM por SM, reduciendo costos y dependencia de insumos marinos sin detrimento de la eficiencia productiva. Se formularon tres dietas con 45% de proteína cruda y sustitución parcial de harina de FM por SM en un 0%, 35% y 55%. Cada dieta se administró por triplicado a grupos de 16 peces, con un peso promedio inicial de 25,4 g y una longitud de 15,5 cm. Se evaluaron indicadores de crecimiento, actividad de enzimas digestivas y parámetros hematológicos. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos para crecimiento, supervivencia y parámetros hematológicos, sin embargo, con la dieta con 55% SM se observó una reducción en la actividad de proteasa ácida, mientras que la dieta con 35% SM se obtuvo un costo significativamente menor del alimento en comparación con las dietas del 0% y 55% SM. En conclusión, reemplazar el 35% de FM por SM puede representar una alternativa prometedora para el cultivo de juveniles de róbalo, ya que reduce los costos de alimentación sin afectar negativamente el crecimiento, la supervivencia ni los parámetros hematológicos bajo las condiciones evaluadas.
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