El control inmunológico: Una alternativa contra garrapatas del ganado bovino
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a7n1.2263Palabras clave:
Control inmunológico, garrapatas, Rhipicephalus microplus, vacunasResumen
El objetivo fue realizar una revisión actualizada del control inmunológico como alternativa para reducir las poblaciones de garrapatas en los bovinos. La historia de las garrapatas de interés veterinario contiene varios pasajes a través del tiempo. Sin duda, la especie más importante en la ganadería es Rhipicephalus mi- croplus, la cual ocasiona pérdidas económicas considerables a la industria pecuaria originando la utilización de diferentes métodos de control para contrarrestar los efectos adversos causados por éste vector. Recientemente, el problema de la resistencia a los ixodicidas ha motivado el interés por el desarrollo de vacunas contra garrapatas, como medida sugerente de control para disminuir las infesta- ciones en zonas de alta incidencia e indirectamente bloquear la transmisión de patógenos al ganado bovino. En el desarrollo de vacunas contra garrapatas, se han utilizado diferentes criterios y metodologías para identificar proteínas específicas que puedan ser utilizadas como antígenos vacunales. El control inmunológico de garrapatas mediante la utilización de vacunas, es posible y factible, ya que producen una protección en los animales que se refleja en el desarrollo de las garrapatas, reduciendo las poblaciones de las subsiguientes generaciones. Finalmente, la implementación de programas integrados de control basados en la combinación de distintos componentes como las vacunas, contribuirá en un futuro a disminuir los problemas asociados por garrapatas, mejorando la producción y la salud animal de los hatos ganaderos, y a la vez evitar la contaminación del medio ambiente y de los subproductos derivados de los bovinos para el consumo humano.
Descargas
Citas
Agbede RIS, Kemp DH (1986) Immunization of cattle against Boophilus microplus using extracts derived from adult female ticks: Histopathology of tick feeding on vaccinated cattle. International Journal of Parasitology 16: 35-41.
Aderem A, Underhill DM (1999) Mechanisms of phagocytosis in macrophages. Annual Review Immunology 17: 593–623.
Aljamali MN, Sauer JR, Essenberg RC (2002) RNA interference applicability in tick research. Experimental Applied Acarology 28: 89-96.
Almazán C, Kocan KM, Bergman DK, García-García JC, Blouin EF, de la Fuente J (2003) Characterization of genes transcribed in an Ixodes scapularis cell line that were identified by expression library immunization and analysis of expressed sequence tags. Gene therapy & molecular biology Vol 7: 43-59.
Almazán C, Kocan KM, Blouin EF, de la Fuente J (2005) Vaccination with recombinant tick antigens for the control of Ixodes scapularis adult infestations. Vaccine 23: 5294–5308.
Almazán C, Lagunes R, Villar M, Canales M, Rosario-Cruz R, Jongejan F, et al. (2010) Identification and characterization of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus candidate protective antigens for the control of cattle tick infestations. Parasitology Research 106: 471–479.
Almazán C, Torres-Torres A, Torres-Rodríguez L, Soberanes-Céspedes N, Martín Ortiz-Estrada M (2016) Aspectos biológicos de Amblyomma mixtum (Koch, 1844) en el noreste de México. Quehacer Científico en Chiapas 11: 10-19.
Almazán C, Aguilar-Tipacamu G, Rodríguez S, Mosqueda J, Pérez de León AA (2018) Immunological control of ticks and tick-borne diseases that impact cattle health and production. Frontiers in Bioscience 23: 1535-1551.
Amit K, Garg R, Yadav CL, Vatsya S, Kumar RR, Sugumar P, et al. (2009) Immune responses against recombinant tick antigen, Bm95, for the control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ticks in cattle. Veterinary Parasitology 165: 119-124.
Artis D, Spits H (2015) The biology of innate lymphoid cells. Nature 517: 293-301.
Barker SC, Murrell A (2004) Systematics and evolution of ticks with a list of valid genus and species names. Parasitology 129: 15-36.
Bautista-Garfias CR, Mosqueda-Gualito JJ (2005) Papel de los receptores Toll en la inmunidad innata y su implicación en medicina veterinaria. Veterinaria México 36: 453-468.
Bautista Garfias CR (2010) Inflamación. En: Inmunología Veterinaria. Gutiérrez Pabello JA (ed). México, D.F. El manual Moderno. pp: 53- 64.
Bautista Garfias CR (2011) Importancia de los linfocitos T en la respuesta inmunitaria de los bovinos. Veterinaria México 42: 65-75.
Bautista Garfias CR (2016) Respuesta inmunitaria de los bovinos y su papel en la babesiosis. Libro científico No. 3. INIFAP. CDMX, México.
Brown SJ, Shapiro SZ, Askenase PW (1984) Characterization of tick antigens inducing host immune resistance. Immunization of Guinea pigs with Amblyomma americanum-derived salivary gland extracts and identification of an important salivary gland protein antigen with Guinea pig anti-tick antibodies. Journal of Immunology 133: 3319-3325.
Canales M, Almazán C, Naranjo V, Jongejan F, de la Fuente J (2009) Vaccination with recombinant Boophilus annulatus Bm86 ortholog protein, Ba86, protects cattle against B. annulatus and B. microplus infestations. BMC Biotechnology 9:29.
Contreras M, Kasaija PD, Merino O, de la Cruz-Hernandez N, Gortazar C, de la Fuente J. (2019) Oral Vaccination With a Formulation Combining Rhipicephalus microplus Subolesin With Heat Inactivated Mycobacterium bovis Reduces Tick Infestations in Cattle. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 9:45.
Crompton D, Kayala A, Traore B, Kayentao K, Ongoiba A, Weiss GE, et al. (2010) A prospective analysis of the Ab response to Plasmodium falciparum before and after a malaria season by protein microarray. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107: 6958-6963.
Dempsey PW, Allison MED, Akkaraju S, Goodnow CC, Fearon DT (1996) C3d of complement as a molecular adjuvant: bridging innate and acquired immunity. Science 271: 348-350.
de la Fuente J, Rodríguez M, Montero C, Redondo M, García-García JC, Méndez L, et al. (1999) Vaccination against ticks (Boophilus spp.): the experience with the Bm86-based vaccine Gavac™. Genetic Analysis Biomolecular Engineering 15: 143–148.
de la Fuente J (2000) Immunological control of ticks through vaccination with Boophilus microplus gut antigens. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 916: 617-621.
de la Fuente J, Kocan KM (2003) Advances in the identification and characterization of protective antigens for recombinant vaccines against tick infestations. Vaccine 4: 583-593.
de la Fuente J, Almazán C, Blouin EF, Naranjo V, Kocan KM (2005) RNA interference screening in ticks for identification of protective antigens. Parasitology Research 96:137–141.
de la Fuente J, Almazán C, Blas-Machado U, Naranjo V, Mangold AJ, Blouin EF, et al. (2006) The tick protective antigen, 4D8, is a conserved protein involved in modulation of tick blood digestion and reproduction. Vaccine 24: 4082–4095.
de la Fuente J, Almazán C, Canales M, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Kocan KM, Willadsen P (2007) A ten-year review of comercial vaccine performance for control of tick infestations on cattle. Animal Health Research Reviews 8: 23-28.
de la Fuente J, Estrada-Pena A, Venzal JM, Kocan KM, Sonenshine DE (2008) Overview: Ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Frontiers in Bioscience 13: 6938-6946.
de Vos S, Zeinstra L, Taoufik O, Willadsen P, Jongejan F (2001) Evidence for the utility of the Bm86 antigen from Boophilus microplus in vaccination against other tick species. Experimental Applied Acarology 25: 245–261.
Eddie WK, Takahashi K, Ezekowitz RA, Stuart LM (2009) Mannose-binding lectin and innate immunity. Immunology Reviews 230: 9-21.
Esterházy D, Loschko J, London M, Jove V, Oliveira TY, Mucida D (2016) Classical dendritic cells are required for dietary antigen-mediated induction of peripheral Treg cells and tolerance. Nature Immunology 17: 545-555.
Ferreira J, Porco A (2008) Vacunas derivadas del análisis de los genomas: vacunología inversa. Revista de Ciencia y Tecnología de América 5: 353-358.
Fernández-Salas A, Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Alonso-Díaz MA (2012) First report of a Rhipicephalus microplus tick population multi-resistant to acaricides and ivermectin in the Mexican tropics. Veterinary Parasitology 183: 338-342.
Fragoso H, Hoshman-Rad P, Ortiz M, Rodríguez M, Redondo M, Herrera L, et al. (1998) Protection against Boophilus annulatus infestations in cattle vaccinated with the B. microplus Bm86-containing vaccine Gavac. Vaccine 16: 1990–1992.
García-García JC, Gonzalez IL, Gonzalez DM, Valdés M, Méndez L, Lamberti J, D'Agostino B, Citroni D, Fragoso H, Ortiz M, Rodríguez M, de la Fuente J (1999) Sequence variations in the Boophilus microplus Bm86 locus implications for immunoprotection in cattle vaccinated with this antigen. Experimental Applied Acarology 23: 883–895.
García-García JC, Montero C, Redondo M, Vargas M, Canales M, Boue O, et al. (2000) Control of ticks resistant to immunization with Bm86 in cattle vaccinated with the recombinant antigen Bm95 isolated from the cattle tick Boophilus microplus. Vaccine 18: 2275-2287.
Ghosh S, Azhahianambi P, Yadav MP (2007) Upcoming and future strategies of tick control: a review. Journal of Vector Borne Disease 44: 79–89.
Guerrero F, Miller R, Pérez de León A (2012) Many candidate antigens, but will a commercially viable product emerge?. International Journal of Parasitology 42: 421–427.
Guerrero F, Andreotti R, Bendele K, Cunha R, Miller R, Yeater K, et al. (2014) Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus aquaporin as an effective vaccine antigen to protect against cattle tick infestations. Parasites & Vectors 7: 475.
Hadjusek O, Almazán C, Loosova G, Villar M, Canales M, Grubhoffer L, et al. (2010) Characterization of ferritin 2 for the control of ticks infestations. Vaccine 28: 2993-2998.
Hancock REW, Haney EF, Gill EE (2016) The immunology of host defence peptides: beyond antimicrobial activity. Nature Reviews Immunology 16: 321- 334.
Hernández-Silva D, Valdez-Espinoza U, Mercado UMA, Aguilar-Tipacamú G, Ramos-Aragón JA, Hernández-Ortiz R, et al. (2018) Immunomolecular characterization of MIC-1, a novel antigen in B. bigemina, which contains conserved and immunodominant B epitopes that induce neutralizing antibodies. Veterinary sciences. 5:32.
Hill CA, Wikel SK (2005) The Ixodes scapularis Genome Project: an opportunity for advancing tick research. Trends in Parasitology 21: 151–153.
Hoek A, Rutten VPMG, Kool J, Arkesteijn GJA, Bouwstra RJ, Rhijn IV, Koets AP (2009) Subpopulations of bovine WC1+ T cells rather than CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T cells act as immune regulatory cell ex vivo. Veterinary Research 40: 06.
Jarmey JM, Riding GA, Pearson RD, Mckena RV, Willadsen P (1995) Carboxydipeptidase from Boophilus microplus: a “Concealed” antigen whit similarity angiotensin-converting enzime. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 25: 969-974.
Jittapalapong S, Phichitrasilp T, Chanphao H, Rerkamnuychoke W, Stich R (2008) Immunization with tick salivary gland extracts. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1149: 200-204.
Jonsson NN (2006) The productivity effects of cattle tick (Boophilus microplus) infestation on cattle, with particular reference to Bos indicus cattle and their crosses. Veterinary Parasitology 15: 1–10.
Jonsson NN, Bock RE, Jorgensen WK (2008) Productivity and health effects of anaplasmosis and babesiosis on Bos indicus cattle and their crosses, and the effects of differing intensity of tick control in Australia. Veterinary Parasitology 155: 1-9.
Karasuyama H, Mukai K, Obata K, Tsujimura Y, Wada T (2011) Nonredundant roles of basophils in immunity. Annual Review Immunology 29: 45-69.
Kemp DH, Agbede RIS, Johnston LAY, Gough GM (1986) Immunization of cattle against Boophilus microplus using extracts derived from adult female ticks: Feeding and survival of the parasite on the vaccinated cattle. International Journal of Parasitology 16: 115-120.
Kopp N, Diaz D, Amacker M, Odongo DO, Beier K, Nitsch C, et al. (2009) Identification of a synthetic peptide inducing cross-reactive antibodies binding to Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus BM86 homologues. Vaccine 28: 261-269.
Hovious JWR (2009) Tick saliva Assists the causative Agent of Lyme Disease in evading Host skin’s Innate Immune Response. Journal of Investigative Dermatology 129: 2337–2339.
Kraaij MD, Vereyken EJ, Leenen PJ, van der Bosch TP, Rezaee F, Betjes MG, Baan CC, Rowshani AT (2014) Human monocytes produce interferon-gamma upon stimulation with LPS. Cytokine 67: 7-12.
Kumar V, Sharma A (2010) Neutrophils: Cinderella of innate immune system. International Immunopharmacology 10: 1325-1334.
Lagunes R, Domínguez D, Quiroz H, Martínez M, Rosario R (2016) Potential effects on Rhipicephalus microplus tick larvae fed on calves immunized with a Subolesin peptide predicted by epitope analysis. Tropical Biomedicine 33: 726-738.
Lew-Tabor AE, Bruyeres AG, Zhang B, Valle MR (2014) Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick in vitro feeding methods for functional (dsRNA) and vaccine candidate (antibody) screening. Ticks Tick Borne Diseases 5: 500–510.
Long H, Liao W, Wang L, Lu Q (2016) A player and coordinator: the versatile roles of eosinophils in the immune system. Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy 43: 96-108.
Melby PC, Ogden GB, Flores HA, Zhao W, Geldmacher C, Biediger NM, et al. (2000) Identification of vaccine candidates for experimental Visceral leishmaniasis by Immunization with sequential fractions of a cDNA expression library. Infection and Immunity 68: 5595-602.
Merino O, Antunes S, Mosqueda J, Moreno-Cid JA, Pérez de la Lastra JM, Rosario-Cruz R, et al. (2013) Vaccination with proteins involved in tick-pathogen interactions reduces vector infestations and pathogen infection. Vaccine 31: 5889-5896.
Mulenga A, Sugimoto C, Sako Y, Ohashi K, Musoke A, Shubash M, et al. (1999) Molecular Characterization of a Haemaphysalis longicornis Tick Salivary Gland-Associated 29-Kilodalton Protein and Its Effect as a Vaccine against Tick Infestation in Rabbits. Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection 67: 1652–1658.
Nijhof AM, Taoufik A, de la Fuente J, Kocan KM, de Vries E, Jongejan F (2007) Gene silencing of the tick protective antigens, Bm86, Bm91 and subolesin, in the one-host tick Boophilus microplus by RNA interference. International Journal of Parasitology 37: 653-662.
Patarroyo H, Portela W, De Castro O, Pimentel C, Guzmán F, Patarroyo E, et al. (2002) Immunization of cattle with synthetic peptides derived from the Boophilus microplus gut protein (Bm86). Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 88: 163–172.
Peñalver E, Arillo A, Delclòs X, Peris D, Grimaldi DA, Anderson SR, Nascimbene PC, Pérez-de la Fuente R (2017) Ticks parasitised feathered dinosaurs as revealed by Cretaceous amber assemblages. Nature Communications 8: 1924.
Peter RJ, Van den Bossche P, Penzhorn BL, Sharp B (2005) Tick, fly, and mosquito control – Lessons from the past, solutions for the future. Veterinary Parasitology 132: 205–221.
Perez-Cogollo LC, Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Ramirez-Cruz GT, Miller RJ (2010) First report of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus resistant to ivermectin in Mexico. Veterinary Parasitology 168: 165-169.
Popara M, Villar M, Mateos-Hernández L, Fernández de Mera IG, Marina A, del Valle M, et al. (2013) Lesser protein degradation machinery correlates with higher BM86 tick vaccine efficacy in Rhipicephalus annulatus when compared to Rhipicephalus microplus. Vaccine 31: 4728–4735.
Pruett JH (1999) Immunological control of arthropod ectoparasites-a review. International Journal of Parasitology 29: 25-32.
Ramírez R, Rosario R, Domínguez D, Hernández R, Lagunes R, Ortuño D (2016) Identification of immunogenic proteins from ovarian tissue and recognized in larval extracts of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, through an immunoproteomic approach. Experimental Parasitology 170: 227-235.
Riding GA, Jarmey J, McKenna RV, Pearson R, Cobon GS, Willadsen P (1994) A protective "concealed" antigen from Boophilus microplus. Purification, localization, and possible function. Journal of Immunology 153: 5158-5156.
Robbertse L, Richards SA, Maritz-Olivier C (2017) Bovine immune factors underlaying tick resistance: Integration and future directions. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiololgy 7: 522.
Robinson CM, O’Dee D, Hamilton T, Nau GJ (2010) Cytokines involved in Interferon- production by human macrophages. Journal of Innate Immunology 2: 56- 65.
Rocha Garcia G, Maruyama SR, Nelson KT, Chaves Ribeiro JM, Gardinassi LG, Mendes Maia AA, Rossetti Ferreira B, Kooyman FNJ, de Miranda Santos IKF (2017) Immune recognition of salivary proteins from the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus differs according to the genotype of the bovine host. Parasites & Vectors 10: 144.
Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Rivas AL, Chowell G, Fragoso SH, Rosario-Cruz R, García Z, et al. (2007) Spatial distribution of acaricide profiles (Boophilus microplus strains susceptible or resistant to acaricides) in southeastern Mexico. Veterinary Parasitology 146: 158-169.
Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Rosado-Aguilar JA, Ojeda-Chi MM, Pérez-Cogollo LC, Trinidad-Martínez I, Bolio-González ME (2014) Control integrado de garrapatas en la ganadería bovina. Ecosistemas y recursos agropecuarios 1: 295-308.
Rodríguez-Vivas R, Grisi L, Pérez de León A, Humberto Silva H, Torres-Acosta J, Fragoso, et al. (2017) Potential economic impact assessment for cattle parasites in Mexico. Review. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias 8: 61-74.
Rosado-Aguilar JA, Rodriguez-Vivas RI, García-Vazquez Z, Fragoso-Sanchez H, Ortiz-Nájera A, Rosario-Cruz R (2008) Development of amitraz resistance in field populations of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) undergoing typical amitraz exposure in the Mexican tropics. Veterinary Parasitology 152: 349-353.
Rosario-Cruz R, Almazan C, Miller RJ, Domínguez-García DI, Hernandez-Ortiz R, de la Fuente J (2009) Genetic basis and impact of tick acaricide resistance. Frontiers in Bioscience 14: 2657-2665.
Simo L, Kazimirova M, Richardson J, Bonnet SI (2017) The essential role of tick salivary glands in saliva in tick feeding and pathogen transmission. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 7: 281.
Soberanes CN, Santamaria VM, Fragoso SH, García VZ (2002) Primer caso de resistencia al amitraz en la garrapata del ganado Boophilus microplus en México. Técnica Pecuaria en México 40: 81-92.
Soberanes CN, Ortiz EM, Sanchez LF, Galván RS (2017) Estrategia con una vacuna recombinante con el antígeno Bm86 para el control integral contra la garrapata Rhipicephalus. (Boophilus) microplus. VIII Seminario Internacional de Parasitología Animal. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. Pp. 175-180.
Tisoncik JR, Korth MJ, Simmons CP, Farrar J, Martin TR, Katze MG (2012) Into the eye of the cytokine storm. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 76: 16-32.
Ullmann AJ, Lima CM, Guerrero FD, Piesman J, Black WC (2005) Genome size and organization in the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis and the Southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Insect Molecular Biology 14: 217-22.
Urb M, Sheppard DC (2012) The role of mast cells in the defence against pathogens. PLOS Pathogens 8: e1002619.
Wikel SK (1981) The induction of host resistance to tick infestation with a salivary gland antigen. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 31: 284-288.
Willadsen P, Kemp DH (1988) Vaccination with concealed antigens for tick control. Parasitology Today 4: 196-198.
Willadsen P, Mckenna RV, Riding GA (1988) Isolation from the cattle ticks Boophilus microplus, of antigenic material capable of eliciting a protective immunological response in the bovine host. International Journal of Parasitology 18: 183-189.
Willadsen P, Riding GA, McKenna RV, Kemp DH, Tellam RL, Nielsen JN, et al. (1989) Immunological control of a parasitic arthropod: identification of a protective antigen from Boophilus microplus. Journal of Immunology 143:1346-1351.
Willadsen P, Bird P, Cobon GS, Hungerford J (1995) Commercialisation of a recombinant vaccine against Boophilus microplus. Parasitology 110: S43–S50.
Willadsen P, Smith D, Cobon G, Mckenna RB (1996) Comparative vaccination of cattle against Boophilus microplus whit recombinant antigen Bm86 alone or in combination whit recombinant Bm91. Parasite Immunology 18: 241-246.
Willadsen P (1997) Novel vaccines for ectoparasites. Veterinary Parasitology 71: 209-222.
Willadsen P, Jongejan F (1999) Immunology of the Tick–Host Interaction and the Control of Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases. Parasitology Today 15: 258-262.
Willadsen P (2004) Anti-tick vaccines. Parasitology 129: S367-S387.
Willadsen P (2008) Antigen cocktails: Valid hypothesis or unsubstantiated hope?. Trends in Parasitology 24: 164-167.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
1. Política propuesta para revistas de acceso abierto
Los autores/as que publiquen en esta revista aceptan las siguientes condiciones:
1. Los autores/as conservan los derechos de autor y ceden a la revista el derecho de la primera publicación, con el trabajo registrado con la licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No comercial-Compartir igual 4.0 .de atribución de Creative Commons, que permite a terceros utilizar lo publicado siempre que mencionen la autoría del trabajo y a la primera publicación en esta revista.
2. Los autores/as pueden realizar otros acuerdos contractuales independientes y adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión del artículo publicado en esta revista (p. ej., incluirlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro) siempre que indiquen claramente que el trabajo se publicó por primera vez en esta revista.
3. Se permite y recomienda a los autores/as a publicar su trabajo en Internet (por ejemplo en páginas institucionales o personales) antes y durante el proceso de revisión y publicación, ya que puede conducir a intercambios productivos y a una mayor y más rápida difusión del trabajo publicado (vea The Effect of Open Access).
Este trabajo está sujeto a una licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-No comercial-Compartir igual 4.0 .
