Emisión de gases de efecto invernadero por incendios forestales en tres comunidades arbóreas de Michoacán

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a12n1.4184

Palabras clave:

Comportamiento del fuego, ecuaciones de estimación, factor de eficiencia de combustión, fases de combustión, quema de acículas

Resumen

Los incendios forestales consumen grandes cantidades de combustible forestal y emiten gases de efecto invernadero a la atmosfera, principalmente de CO2 y CO. El objetivo de este trabajo fue calcular las emisiones en quemas de la capa de hojarasca, así como las emisiones considerando todos los estratos vegetales en la Reserva de la Biosfera Mariposa Monarca que nos indiquen si las comunidades arbóreas corresponden o no a una misma cama de combustible. Para lo cual se quemó la capa de hojarasca de las comunidades arbóreas de oyamel, pino-oyamel y pino-encino. También se usó el programa CONSUME para calcular las emisiones de todos los estratos. Se obtuvo que la capa de hojarasca con menor emisión total correspondió a oyamel con 46 gr kg-1 respecto a los 647 y 437 gr kg-1 registrados en pino-oyamel y pino-encino, respectivamente, (p < 0.05). Se obtuvieron modelos de predicción de emisión de CO2, CO, CH4, NO2 y NOX que explicaron el 74% de las emisiones generadas por las quemas. Con CONSUME se obtuvo mayor emisión en la comunidad de oyamel. La emisión presentó una correlación de 85% con el consumo, con 43% más de consumo en combustible de baja humedad respecto a los combustibles con alta humedad. Las comunidades integradas por pino no presentaron variación de emisión, pero la elevada carga de combustibles influyó en una alta emisión, por lo que la reducción de la carga de combustibles reduciría significativamente la presencia y potencial de un incendio forestal, así como las emisiones.

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Publicado

2025-03-25

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ARTÍCULOS CIENTÍFICOS

Cómo citar

Ortiz-Mendoza, R., González-Tagle, M. A. ., Pérez-Salicrup, D. R., Aguirre-Calderón, O. A., Himmelsbach, W., & Cuéllar-Rodríguez, L. G. (2025). Emisión de gases de efecto invernadero por incendios forestales en tres comunidades arbóreas de Michoacán. Ecosistemas Y Recursos Agropecuarios, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a12n1.4184

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