Spatial-temporal variations in water level and salinity affect species
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a8nI.2674Keywords:
Gradiente, intrusión salina, Pantanos de Centla, Tabasco, zona costera.Abstract
The location of the riverine mangroves linked to the constant supply of
freshwater favors their productivity and diversity, as well as the main adjacent freshwater
wetlands (freshwater swamps, broadleaved marshes, cattail marshes). For this reason, the
hydrological connectivity between the mangroves and adjacent wetlands is an important
aspect that determines the degree of influence between ecosystems and the possible
impacts to the mangrove derived from the effects on other wetlands with which it interacts.
In this study, the composition and structure of the vegetation were monitored in the medium
term (2015-2016 and 2018-2019) and the hydrological connectivity between the riparian
mangrove and adjacent freshwater wetlands was characterized in 27 monitoring units (22 in
mangroves, five in wetlands). The water level increased gradually as the distance to the river
increased, while the opposite happened with salinity. In the period 2018-2019, the salinity of
the interstitial water increased by an average of 10 PSU, causing changes in the presence
and cover of some species such as Laguncularia racemosa in the cattail zone, high mortality
of herbaceous species (Acrostichum danaeifolium, Typha domingensis, Phragmites australis)
and tree species such as Annona glabra and Acoelorraphe wrightii, among the most evident.
However, no significant structural changes were detected in areas dominated by mangroves.
In conclusion, the vegetation responded to a gradient in the water level and salinity of the
interstitial water since near the river were registered low levels of water and high salinity, while
the opposite occurred inland
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