Morfometría, fisiología, bioquímica y minerales en ecotipos de Suaeda edulis con agua de mar diluida

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a12n1.4472

Palabras clave:

Salinidad, estrés hídrico, fisiología vegetal, metabolismo secundario, adaptación

Resumen

La salinidad es un factor abiótico que afecta el crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas. Sin embargo, algunas especies halófitas desarrollan mecanismos para tolerar condiciones salinas. El objetivo fue evaluar características morfo-fisiológicas, bioquímicas y acumulación de minerales en Suaeda edulis Flores Olv. & Noguez. El experimento se realizó en un sistema hidropónico de raíz flotante con un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial. El primer factor fueron tres ecotipos de S. edulis que se sometieron a un segundo factor de estrés por salinidad (agua de mar diluida con agua residual de Oreochromis niloticus) con cuatro conductividades eléctricas (2.5, 10.0, 15.0, 30.0 dS m-1). Las variables evaluadas fueron parámetros de crecimiento, contenido de clorofila, potencial hídrico, contenido de proteínas, extracto etéreo y fibra cruda y contenido de minerales. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de las variables mostraron diferencias significativas en la interacción de los factores. Existe una respuesta diferencial de los ecotipos a los tratamientos de estrés, observándose una tendencia de tipo polinomial (cúbica/cuartica) en las variables, que presentaron valores bajos a bajas conductividades eléctricas, una respuesta máxima positiva a niveles intermedios de conductividad eléctrica, lo que sugiere condiciones óptimas para el crecimiento y en alta conductividad eléctrica, se observó una disminución en la mayoría de las variables. La acumulación diferencial de sodio y potasio indica mecanismos de exclusión y tolerancia que varían entre los ecotipos. Estos hallazgos resaltan el potencial de S. edulis para crecer en ambientes con moderada salinidad y aportan información sobre su fisiología adaptativa.

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Biografía del autor/a

  • Bernardo Murillo Amador, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C.

    Investigador del Programa de Agricultura en Zonas Aridas

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Publicado

2025-04-30

Número

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ARTÍCULOS CIENTÍFICOS

Cómo citar

Ruiz-Companioni, I., Palacios-Espinosa, A., Murillo Amador, B., Ruiz-Espinoza, F. H., Mazón-Suástegui, J. M., & Beltrán-Morales, F. A. (2025). Morfometría, fisiología, bioquímica y minerales en ecotipos de Suaeda edulis con agua de mar diluida. Ecosistemas Y Recursos Agropecuarios, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a12n1.4472

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