Evaluation of bioactivity of extracts, Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris, using alternatives technologies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a13n2.4433Keywords:
Extraction, rosemary, thyme, hybrid technology, ultrasoundAbstract
Extracts from rosemary and thyme plants have been extensively studied due to their excellent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, herbicidal, and antimicrobial properties. Traditionally, these extracts are obtained using conventional methods such as maceration, steam distillation, Soxhlet extraction, among others. However, in order to minimize environmental impact and improve extraction yields, methodologies have been developed using technologies such as ultrasound, microwaves, supercritical fluid extraction, and hybrid extraction. Therefore, in this study, ethanolic extracts of rosemary and thyme were obtained using ultrasound and hybrid (ultrasound-microwave) methods to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of each. The results obtained by FTIR and HPLC-ESI-MS revealed that the compounds present in the extracts belong to the flavonoid, catechin, and terpene families, with rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, and rosmanol identified as the main compounds. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the extracts have thermal stability up to 380 °C. In antioxidant activity tests, they showed excellent inhibitory properties, obtaining values above 84% for DPPH and 94% for ABTS•+, while for FRAP, values were below 0.47 mg mL trolox-1. Finally, bioassays against S. aureus and E. coli showed that all extracts have excellent antibacterial activity, obtaining higher inhibition halos than the antibiotic control. Therefore, extracts obtained using ultrasound and hybrid technologies have great potential for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food industry, packaging materials, and medical applications.
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