Las longitudes de onda específica modifican el sistema antioxidante de tomate y pepino
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19136/era.a11n3.4177Palabras clave:
Antioxidantes, Carotenoides, Estimulación, Lámparas LED, Pigmentos fotosintéticosResumen
La luz tiene un impacto positivo en la regulación de los procesos de desarrollo de las plantas. Sin embargo, la evidencia sugiere que las respuestas a los cambios en el espectro de luz dependen de las especies de plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la iluminación suplementaria con LEDs sobre el crecimiento, la síntesis de fitoquímicos y la calidad del fruto en cultivos de tomate y pepino. Para esto, se estableció un experimento con plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) y pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivadas con luz suplementaria de 7:00 p.m. a 12:00 a.m. utilizando lámparas LED con luz azul (455 nm), roja (660 nm) y roja lejana (730 nm). Los tratamientos fueron la aplicación de las diferentes longitudes de onda con una o dos lámparas, más un control (T0). Se evaluaron los parámetros agronómicos, contenido de fitoquímicos y calidad de los frutos. Los resultados demostraron un impacto en la altura de las plantas de tomate, además se incrementaron los pigmentos fotosintéticos en hojas de tomate (18.4-29.1%), licopeno en hojas (166.7-207.4%) y frutos de pepino (83.2-175.5%), y compuestos carotenoides en frutos de tomate (106.9-127.5%). También se modificaron los atributos de calidad de los frutos como SST, pH y CE. En conclusión, los resultados mostraron que la suplementación con luz a través de lámparas LED induce respuestas positivas en los cultivos de tomate y pepino, mejorando la calidad y compuestos bioactivos de los frutos de tomate y pepino.
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